Majors, Minors, and Certificate Programs


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This section outlines the specific requirements for all the programs in the College of Arts and Sciences that begin with the letter B.



Bacteriology

See Biological Sciences-Microbiology.

Behavior

See Biological Sciences or Psychology.

Biological Sciences

Biological Sciences Major (B.S.)

Major code BS2121

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Requirements for the B.S. in biological sciences are

A minimum of 50 quarter hours in approved departmental courses which must include the following:

BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173* Intro to Zoology 14
BIOS 325              General Genetics 5
BIOS 342, 343          Principles of Physiology I, II 6
BIOS 354, 355          Principles of Physiology Lab I, II 4

One course from each of the following areas:

Anatomy/Organismal

BIOS 300    Anatomy and Histology 6
BIOS 301    Human Anatomy 6
BIOS 303    Comp. Vert. Anatomy 6
BIOS 430    Invertebrate Biology 6
BIOS 435    Entomology 6

Ecology/Evolution

BIOS 275    Animal Ecology 4
BIOS 479    Evolution 4
BIOS 481    Animal Cons. Biology 4

Biochemistry

BIOS 463    Cell Chemistry 4
CHEM 490, 491  General Biochemistry I, II 7

Other biological sciences

PBIO 111    Intro to Plant Biology 6
MICR 311    General Microbiology 5

Required extradepartmental courses

CHEM 151, 152, 153     Fund. of Chemistry 15
CHEM 301, 302          Organic Chemistry 9
or CHEM 303, 304, 305   Organic Chemistry or 9
MATH 263A, B         Calculus 8
PHYS 201, 202, 203     Intro to Physics 5
PSY 221               Stat. for the Beh. Sciences 5
or MATH 250, 251      Intro to Prob. and Stat. 8

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.
 Prereq: CHEM 305-307.

Biological Sciences Minor

Minor code OR2121

Requirements for the minor in biological sciences consist of a minimum of 28 credit hours, including

BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173*  Intro to Zoology 14
BIOS 325               General Genetics 5

and at least two other courses at the 300 level or above

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

Biological Sciences-Clinical Laboratory Science Major

Special curriculum; major code BS2123

This program prepares students for work in hospital laboratories, public health bureaus, and other laboratories concerned with medical diagnosis and investigation. It leads to a Bachelor of Science in biological sciences and certification by the American Society of Clinical Pathologists or another certifying body.

The Ohio University-hospital school of clinical laboratory science affiliation for training of clinical laboratory scientists fulfills the requirements established by the A.M.A. and A.S.C.P. and affords you an opportunity to earn a bachelor's degree.

After completing (1) a minimum of 144 quarter hours with at least a 2.0 g.p.a. in the major and in all hours attempted and (2) general education and all area requirements for the baccalaureate degree, you are eligible to apply for admission to one of several affiliated hospital schools for the clinical program. Upon satisfactory completion of the 12-month clinical program, you will receive the Bachelor of Science degree from Ohio University.

Approval occasionally may be granted for completion of the clinical program at hospitals other than those affiliated with Ohio University if the hospital has a C.A.H.E.A.--approved program in clinical laboratory science and if, because of location or other factors, it would better meet your needs. You are required to present a copy of the hospital's program of study to the Department of Biological Sciences for evaluation.
Consult your advisor frequently during the preclinical period. Early in the fall quarter preceding the clinical program, obtain specific information about applying to an affiliated school of medical technology from the clinical laboratory science advisor.

During the 12-month clinical program, you register with and pay fees to Ohio University. A special fee schedule applies to these four quarters, and both fourth- and fifth-year students are required to register. Ohio University then pays the total tuition to the hospital-based school of medical technology.

If you transfer from another program or institution (including regional campuses of Ohio University), you cannot normally expect to complete the preclinical requirements in three years unless the need to make up courses is minimal.

If you remain at the Athens campus for your fourth or senior year, you can graduate with a B.S. in biological sciences/clinical laboratory science by fulfilling the requirements for the freshman, sophomore, and junior years listed below plus earning a total of 90 hours at the 200 level or above and completing a total of 192 credit hours. You may then enter a hospital internship program to qualify for the A.S.C.P. certification exam. If you graduate with a B.S. in microbiology, you are also qualified to apply for admission to a clinical internship.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Freshman

CHEM 151, 152, 153      Fund. of Chemistry 15
                       English composition 5
MATH 113              Algebra 5
or MATH 163A*         Intro to Calculus or 4
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173  Intro to Zoology 14

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

*Recommended

 See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

Sophomore

CHEM 241, 242   Quantitative Analysis 5
CHEM 301, 302   Organic (short) 6
CHEM 325       Instr. Methods of Analysis 4
BIOS 300        Elements of Anatomy and Histology 6
BIOS 325        Gen. Genetics 5
BIOS 345        Human Physiology 4

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

Junior

MICR 311    Gen. Microbiology 5
MICR 415    Immunology 5
BIOS 463    Cell Chemistry 4
BIOS 464    Physiol. Chem. Lab 3
            English composition 4

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

Senior (Clinical Program)

Four quarters of coursework constituting the clinical portion of the program are taken at a hospital-based school of medical technology. Register each quarter for these courses, entitled Clinical Laboratory Science Internship 470A, B, C, and D.

A typical program includes:
Bacteriology and Serology    18
Clinical Chemistry          23
Hematology               10
Immunohematology         5
Parasitology               3
Radioisotopes              1
Urinalysis                 4

Biological Sciences-Environmental Biology Major (B.S.)

Special curriculum; major code BS2509

This specialized curriculum will provide the necessary course background for students preparing for graduate school or lower-level careers in fields of environmental and conservation biology. Courses meet the requirements for admission to graduate programs in biology, zoology, ecology, and conservation biology. The program also provides the necessary back- ground for jobs with state and federal agencies (e.g., USDA or EPA) charged with environmental protection, research and monitoring, and information. Because the environmental field has become increasingly international in both activities and jobs and because the Peace Corps needs volunteers with an environmental biology education, a speaking knowledge of Spanish or French is strongly recommended. The requirements of the biological sciences major are also met with this specialized curricular program.

See also the environmental degree programs listed under the Departments of Chemistry, Environmental and Plant Biology, Geography, and Geology.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Freshman-Sophomore

ENG 151                          Fr. Comp.: Writing and Rhetoric 5
Foreign language requirement (typically)                            12
CHEM 151, 152, 153                Fund. of Chemistry 15
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173*            Intro to Zoology 14
MATH 163A, 163B**               Intro to Calculus 7
PSY 221                          Statistics 5
or MATH 250, 251                  Statistics or 8
BIOS 275                         Animal Ecology 4
BIOS 325                         Genetics 5
HLTH 227                        First Aid 3
HLTH 228                        CPR 1
PBIO 111                         Introduction to Environ. and Plant Biology 6
INCO 103                         Fund. of Public Speaking 4

Also Tier II General Education and Arts and Sciences humanities and social sciences requirements, and other electives.

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

**MATH 263A, B is preferred.

 Or evidence of current certification

Junior-Senior

ENG                      Junior Level English Composition 4
CHEM 301, 302, 303, 304     Organic Chemistry, Lab 11
PHYS 201, 202, 203          Intro to Physics 15
MICR 311                  General Microbiology 5
BIOS 342, 343              Principles of Physiology 6
BIOS 463                  Cell Chemistry 4
or CHEM 489               Biochemistry
BIOS 303                  Comp. Vert. Anatomy 6
or BIOS 430                Invertebrate Zoology
or BIOS 435                Entomology
                         Tier III Senior Level Synthesis Course 4

Four additional elective courses: minimally one geology course, one philosophy course and two geography courses. Courses from field stations or other nonbiology courses may be substituted with permission of the program advisor. More biology courses may be taken but are not necessary to fulfill B.S. in biology requirements.

Choose social science elective courses to meet the requirements of the Environmental Studies Certificate Program. (See Environmental Studies Certificate listing in this section.)

Biological Sciences-Marine Biology Major (B.S.)

Special curriculum; major code BS2514

The Department of Biological Sciences provides a program for undergraduate majors who are interested in marine biology. Since this is an increasingly international field, you are encouraged to gain the speaking knowledge of a language other than English (preferably Spanish or French) and to consider the possibility of working for two years in the Peace Corps following graduation. Graduates will meet state and federal civil service course requirements for registry as fisheries biologist, ecologist, and general biologist. This program will also prepare you for graduate studies in biological sciences, ecology, or marine or freshwater biology. Since the program includes at least 50 hours in approved BIOS/MICR courses, you will meet the requirements of the biological sciences major. You may want to use elective credits to obtain an Environmental Studies Certificate.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Freshman-Sophomore

ENG 151                  Fr. Comp.: Writing and Rhetoric 5
                          Foreign language requirement (typically) 12
CHEM 151, 152, 153         Fund. of Chemistry 15
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173*    Intro to Zoology 14
MATH 163A, B**           Intro to Calculus 7
PHYS 201, 202, 203         Intro to Physics 15
GEOL 211                 Oceanography 4
PSY 221                   Statistics 5
or MATH 250, 251                                or 8
BIOS 275                  Animal Ecology 4
PED 143                   Cuba 1
HLTH 227                 First Aid 3
HLTH 228                 CPR 1
PESS 218                  Lifeguard Training 2

BUSL 370; ECON 313, 314; GEOG 241, 351, 440, 447; SOC 340; POLS 490D (these courses can be used to fulfill the social science requirements for the Environmental Studies Certificate.)

Tier II requirements, humanities and social sciences requirements, or electives.

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

**MATH 263A, B is preferred.

 Or evidence of prior certification.

Junior-Senior

Junior Level      English Composition 4
CHEM 301, 302  Organic Chemistry 6
BIOS 325       Genetics 5
MICR 311       General Microbiology 5
BIOS 429       Marine Biology 5
BIOS 430       Invertebrate Biology 6
BIOS 342, 343   Prin. Physiology 6

Tier III Senior Level Synthesis Course 4

Tier II requirements, humanities and social sciences requirements, or electives.

Plus five courses from the following list of electives, two of which must be BIOS:

CHEM 330      Intro to Toxicology 4
GEOG 302      Meteorology 5
GEOL 221      Earth and Life History 4
GEOL 231      Water and Pollution 4
GEOL 340      Prin. Invert. Paleontology 4
GEOL 443      Adv. Invert. Paleontology 5
BIOS 303      Comp. Vertebrate Anatomy 6
BIOS 431      Limnology 5
BIOS 457      Animal Systematics 4
BIOS 463*    Cell Chemistry 4
BIOS 468     Ichthyology 4
BIOS 471     Ornithology 6
BIOS 473     Animal Behavior 5
BIOS 474     Mammalogy 6
BIOS 477     Population Ecology 4
BIOS 478     Community Ecology 4
BIOS 479     Evolution 4
BIOS 481     Animal Cons. Biol. 4

Courses from summer field stations or other appropriate courses may be substituted with prior permission of the program advisor.

*CHEM 489 may be substituted.

Biological Sciences-Microbiology Major (B.S.)

Major Code BS0411

A major in microbiology provides the necessary background to pursue a successful career in research and development, quality control management, water quality control, or clinical laboratory science, or graduate studies in medicine, dentistry, optometry, public health, microbiology, or molecular biology.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Major requirements for the B.S. in microbiology are

Freshman-Sophomore

ENG 151                Composition 5
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173*  Introduction to Zoology 14
MATH 163A, 163B        Intro to Calculus 7
or MATH 263A, 263B**   Calculus or 8
CHEM 151, 152, 153      Fund. of Chemistry 15
PHYS 201, 202, 203       Intro to Physics 15
MICR 325               General Genetics 5
CHEM 305, 306, 307      Organic Chemistry 9
MICR 311               General Microbiology 5

Tier II requirements, Arts and Sciences humanities and social science requirements.

Junior-Senior

                 Junior composition 4
MICR 415         Immunology 5
MICR 419         Microbial Physiology 5
CHEM 241, 242    Quantitative Analysis 5
CHEM 490, 491    General Biochemistry I, II 7

At least 16 hours from:

MICR 326         Laboratory Genetics 4
MICR 412         Microbial Techniques 5
MICR 413A, 413B  Pathogenic Bacteriology 5
MICR 414A, 414B  Virology 5
MICR 416         Immunochemistry 5
MICR 418         Epidemiology 4
MICR 427         Mech. Gene Regulation 3
MICR 441         Parasitology 6
MICR 444         Tropical Disease Biology 4

Tier II and III requirements; Arts and sciences humanities, social sciences, and foreign language requirements.

Microbiology majors wishing to apply to a professional school of medicine, dentistry, physical therapy, or veterinary medicine should make an appointment with the Preprofessional Health Careers Office, Irvine Hall 111, for applications and advice on recommended BIOS courses.

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

**Preferred

Microbiology Minor

Minor code OR0411

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

A minor in microbiology requires a minimum of 24 hours of microbiology courses excluding MICR 211, 212 and including MICR 311 and at least one of the following:

MICR 412        Microbial Techniques 5
MICR 415         Immunology 5
MICR 413A, 413B  Pathogenic Bacteriology 5
MICR 414A, 414B  Virology 5
MICR 419         Microbial Physiology 5

MICR courses used to fulfill requirements for a biological sciences major cannot be counted toward the 24 hours.

Biological Sciences-Neurobiology Major (B.S.)

Special curriculum; major code BS2125

Neuroscience is a rapidly growing field in both academia and industry. The neuroscience program is appropriate for students interested in graduate study in neuroscience; neuroscience research in combination with a career in medicine, pharmacology, or dentistry; or neuroscience technical positions in academia, medicine, or industry.

The program has both a research-oriented option (BIOS 494H/495H) and a standard course-oriented option. Students are strongly encouraged, however, to pursue the research option since neuroscience careers almost exclusively involve research. To pursue the research option, you must have 30 hours and a g.p.a. of at least 3.2 in BIOS courses. The program provides, on a competitive basis, stipends and support for undergraduate research during the summer of the third year, and research-option students take a lighter course load in the senior year to free additional time for the research project. The program is demanding and requires careful planning, particularly of Tier II and Arts and Sciences area requirements.

The specialized portion of the curriculum does not begin in earnest until the end of the third year, so well qualified students can join relatively late in their undergraduate studies. A generally appropriate curriculum is outlined below, but you should contact the program advisor for detailed course selection advice.

Freshman

CHEM 151-153    Fund. of Chemistry 15
MATH 263A, B   Calculus 8
PSY 221         Statistics for the Beh. Sci. 5
BIOS 171-173*   Intro to Zoology 14
                Freshman Composition

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education requirements, and/or electives; foreign language if necessary.

Sophomore

PHYS 201-203                       15
CHEM 301, 302      Organic Chemistry 6
CHEM 303, 304      Organic Chemistry Lab 5
BIOS 325           General Genetics 5
BIOS 333           Neural Basis of Behavior 3

One anatomy/organismal course
(BIOS 300, 301, 303, 430, or 435)      6

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education requirements, and/or electives; foreign language if necessary.

Junior

BIOS 342, 343        Prin. of Physiology 6
BIOS 354, 355        Prin. of Physiology Lab 4
BIOS 463            Cell Chemistry 4
or CHEM 490,491     General Biochemistry I, II or 7
BIOS 412            Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology 4
Ecology/evolution course (BIOS 275, 479, or 481) 4
Additional related course (MICR 311 or PBIO 111) 5-6

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education requirements, and/or electives; foreign language if necessary.

Senior (research option)

BIOS 409      Neuronal Systems 4

Advanced neuroscience course (BIOS 410, 411, 466, or 467) 2-4
Advanced related course (BIOS 406, 407, 420,
or 473; PBIO 450; or PSY 312 or 430) 4-6
BIOS 494H Undergraduate Research (two quarters) 8
BIOS 495H Undergraduate Research Thesis 3-9

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education requirements, and/or electives; foreign language if necessary.

Senior (course option)

BIOS 409      Neuronal Systems 4
Two advanced neuroscience courses (BIOS 410, 411, 466, or 467) 6-8
Two advanced related courses (BIOS 406, 407, 420, or 473; PBIO 450; or PSY 312 or 430) 8-12

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education requirements, and/or electives; foreign language if necessary.

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

Biological Sciences-Predentistry Major (B.S.)

Special curriculum; major code BS2501

No specific area for the major is required by dental colleges or by Ohio University. You must present preparation in various basic sciences, and many students complete a major in one science or a dual major in two sciences. Many dental schools require at least a year of behavioral and social sciences as well as a year of English. You can fulfill these requirements by following either the biological sciences or chemistry predentistry major.

Most dental schools select students with a bachelor's degree; a very limited number of applicants who have completed three years and have met the degree in absentia privilege requirements are admitted.

All dental school applicants are required to take the Dental Aptitude Test (DAT), offered in the spring and fall. The latest that the DAT may be taken is in the fall of the year before entering dental school. If possible, it is better to take the DAT the previous spring.

Except for the lack of an organic chemistry laboratory, the microbiology major satisfies the requirements of most dental schools.

If you elect the degree in absentia option, you must complete a minimum of 43 hours in BIOS/MICR; for the four-year program, you must complete a minimum of 50 hours in BIOS/MICR. In addition, you must meet the requirements for the biological sciences major.

The following sequence of courses is required for predentistry students majoring in biological sciences.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Freshman

CHEM 151, 152, 153      Fund. of Chemistry 15
                       English composition 5
MATH 163A, B          Intro to Calculus 7
or MATH 263A, B        Calculus or 8
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173  Intro to Zoology 14
CLAS 227               Gk. and Lat. Roots in Biomedical Terms 4

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Edu- cation Requirements, and/or electives. (English and comparative arts are recommended.)

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

Sophomore

CHEM 301, 302             Organic (short) 6
or CHEM 305, 306, 307      Organic (long) or 9
CHEM 303, 304            Organic Lab (short) 5
BIOS 275                 Animal Ecology 4
or BIOS 479               Evolution
or BIOS 481               Animal Conserv. Biology
BIOS 342, 343, 354, 355     Principles Physiology 10
PSY 221                  Statistics 5
or MATH 250, 251         Statistics or 8
PHYS 201, 202, 203        Intro to Physics 15
BIOS 325                 Gen. Genetics 5
                        Language if needed 12

Junior-Senior

CHEM 490, 491        General Biochemistry 7
or BIOS 463           Cell Chemistry or 4
MICR 311             General Microbiology 5
BIOS 303             Compar. Vert. Anat. 6
                     English composition 4
                     Language if needed 12

Arts and Sciences degree requirements and university General Education Requirements as needed.

Other courses strongly recommended: BIOS 406, MICR 417.

Recommended behavioral and social sciences: ANTH 101 or 355; PSY 231, 273, 332, 336; sociology and computer science courses.

Recommended humanities: philosophy, literature, comparative arts.

Biological Sciences - Pre-Exercise Physiology Major (B.S.)

Special Curriculum; major code BS2526

The following curriculum is designed to provide students interested in pursuing a graduate degree in exercise or work physiology with the necessary coursework to prepare for ad-vanced study in a research-oriented graduate degree program.

Completion of the coursework, including electives and Arts and Sciences and General Education Requirements, will culminate in the award of the Bachelor of Science in biological sciences pre-exercise physiology.

Although an undergraduate degree in the area of exercise physiology may provide you the opportunity to compete in the job market, most current employment opportunities require a master's or doctoral degree.

You must complete at least 192 quarter hours with at least 90 hours in Arts and Sciences coursework numbered 200 or above. A minimum of 50 quarter hours in the Department of Biological Sciences is required, including depart-mental requirements and at least 9 quarter hours at the 300-400 level.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Freshman

CHEM 151, 152, 153      Fund. of Chemistry 15
ENG 151                Fr. Comp.: Writing and Rhetoric 5
MATH 263A, B          Calculus 8
PSY 101                Gen. Psychology 5
PSY 221                Statistics for Behav. Sci. 5
or MATH 250 and 251     Intro to Prob. and Stat. or 8
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173* Intro to Zoology 14

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

Sophomore

CS 120           Computer Sci. Survey (or equivalent) 5
PHYS 201, 202**  Intro to Physics 10
BIOS 301         Human Anatomy 6
BIOS 345         Human Physiology 5
BIOS 346         Human Physiology Lab 3
BIOS 352         Biomechanics 4
or BIOS 420       Animal Locomotion

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education
Requirements, and/or electives.

Junior-Senior

CHEM 301, 302      Organic (Short) 6
BIOS 463           Cell Chemistry 4
or CHEM 490, 491   General Biochemistry I, II 7
MICR 311           General Microbiology 5
BIOS 325           General Genetics 5
BIOS 445           Physiology of Exercise 4
BIOS 446           Phys. of Exercise Lab 3
BIOS 275           Animal Ecology 4
or BIOS 479         Evolution
or BIOS 481         Animal Conserv. Biology
BIOS 493           Undergrad. Research 6-12
or 494H
                   English composition 4
                   Language if needed 12

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and electives.

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

**PHYS 203 may be required for admission to certain graduate and professional schools.

 Prereq: CHEM 305-307.

Suggested electives

ANTH 101   Intro to Cultural Anth. 5
ANTH 355   Medical Anthropology 4
HCFN 128   Intro to Nutrition 4
HCFN 428   Advanced Nutrition 4
PHIL 231    Philosophy of Sport 4
PHIL 331    Moral Prob. in Med. 5
PSY 231     Psych. of Adjustment 4
PSY 273     Child and Adoles. Psych. 4
PSY 275     Educational Psych. 4
PSY 332     Abnormal Psych. 4
SOC 101     Intro to Sociology 5
BIOS 303    Comp. Anatomy 6
BIOS 320    Animal Cell Biology 4
BIOS 401    Adv. Human Anatomy 6
BIOS 402    Human Neuroscience 3
BIOS 409    Neurobiology I 4
BIOS 410    Neurobiology II 4
BIOS 450    Prin. Endocrinology 4

Biological Sciences-Premedicine Major (B.S.)

Special curriculum; major code BS2502

No specific major is required by medical colleges or by Ohio University in undergraduate preparation for medicine. You must present preparation in various basic sciences, and many students complete a major in one science or a dual major in two sciences.

For most medical schools, admission prerequisites include an entire course series, with labs, in biological sciences, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, and physics. Many schools also require a year of college English and college math, and strongly recommend courses in biochemistry, humanities, and the social sciences. Consult the catalog of a particular medical school to make sure you are meeting its prerequisites. Additional coursework in genetics, anatomy, physiology, cell bio- logy, and embryology will improve your preparedness. Courses that fulfill these requirements and recommendations are listed with this major and the chemistry premedicine major.

All medical college applicants are required to take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) in spring (preferred) or fall of the calendar year before the year they expect to enroll in medical college.

A major in microbiology is available for students who wish to maximize their potential for graduate study in medicine or health sciences. Microbiology majors who plan to apply to medical school should also take CHEM 303 and 304 Organic Chemistry Lab.

Most medical colleges require a bachelor's degree for admission; all others require a minimum of three academic years. If you plan to complete only three years at Ohio University before entering medical college, you are urged to meet requirements of the College of Arts and Sciences so that you are eligible for the degree in absentia.

You are encouraged to note particularly the opportunities provided by the Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medi-cine and the preprofessional advising center (Irvine Hall 111).

As a premedical student majoring in biological sciences, you are required to satisfy the following program, completing a minimum of 50 hours in BIOS/MICR. In addition, you must meet the requirements of the general biological sciences major.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Freshman

CHEM 151, 152, 153        Fund. of Chemistry 15
MATH 263A, B            Calculus 8
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173*    Intro to Zoology 14
CLAS 227                 Gk. and Lat. Roots in Biomedical Terminology 4
                          English composition 5

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives. (English and comparative arts are recommended.)

Sophomore

CHEM 301, 302         Organic (short) 6
or CHEM 305, 306, 307   Organic (long) or 9
CHEM 303,304          Organic Lab 5
PHYS 201, 202, 203      Intro Physics 15
BIOS 275               Animal Ecology 4
or BIOS 479            Evolution
or BIOS 481            Animal Conserv. Biology
BIOS 325              General Genetics 5
PSY 221               Statistics 5
or MATH 250, 251                or 8
                      Language if needed 12

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives in humanities and social sciences.

Junior-Senior

MICR 311               General Microbiology 5
BIOS 303               Compar. Vert. Anatomy 6
BIOS 342, 343, 354, 355   Prin. Physiology, labs 10
BIOS 463               Cell Chemistry 4
or CHEM 489            Basic Biochemistry or 4
or CHEM 490, 491**     General Biochemistry or 7
                      English composition 4
                      Language if needed 12
                      Other humanities and social sciences

Choose at least one of the following courses (more are recommended):

BIOS 320     Animal Cell Biology 4
BIOS 326     Lab Genetics 4
BIOS 401     Adv. Human Anatomy 6
BIOS 406     Embryology 6
BIOS 408     Histology 6
BIOS 412     Mol. Cell. Neurobiology 4
BIOS 428     Human Med. Genetics 4
BIOS 441    Parasitology 6
BIOS 450    Prin. Endocrinology 4
BIOS 452     Reproductive Physiology 3
MICR 413     Pathogenic Bacteriology 5
MICR 415     Immunology 5
MICR 417     Cellular Immunology 4
MICR 418     Epidemiology 4

Recommended chemistry electives: CHEM 241/242.

Recommended behavioral and social sciences: ANTH 101, 355; PSY 273, 332, 336.

Recommended humanities: philosophy, literature, comparative arts.

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

**Prereq: CHEM 305-307.

Biological Sciences Pre-optometry Major (B.S.)

Special curriculum; major code BS2505

Requirements for admission to schools of optometry are not uniform. A minimum of 90 hours exclusive of military science and physical education is required. However, most students entering optometry school have earned a bachelor's degree. This curriculum meets the admission requirements for a collegiate program and consequently for most independent schools of optometry. Consult the catalog of a particular school to make sure you are meeting its prerequisites. To earn the degree in absentia, you must complete at least 144 hours, including all Arts and Sciences and university General Education Requirements and the program outlined below. This must include the departmental area requirements for the general biological sciences major. To graduate from Ohio University without the in absentia option, you must fulfill the biological sciences major requirements for your catalog year of entry. Candidates for optometry school normally take the Optometry Admission Test (OAT) in October or February before admission the following fall.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Freshman

CHEM 151, 152, 153        Fund. of Chemistry 15
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173*   Intro to Zoology 14
PSY 101                 Gen. Psychology 5
MATH 250, 251           Statistics 8
or PSY 221                            or 5
                        English composition 5

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

Sophomore

CHEM 305, 306, 307    Organic Chemistry 9
BIOS 275             Animal Ecology 4
or BIOS 479           Evolution or BIOS 481
                    Animal Conserv. Biology
BIOS 303             Compar. Vert. Anatomy 6
BIOS 325             General Genetics 5
MATH 263A, B        Calculus 8

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

Junior

MICR 311               General Microbiology 5
PHYS 201, 202, 203       Intro Physics 15
BIOS 342, 343, 354, 355   Principles of Physiology 10
BIOS 463
or CHEM489             Cell Chemistry 4
or CHEM 490, 491**      General Biochemistry I, II or 7
                        English composition 4

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

**Prereq: CHEM 305-307.

Because most students complete a baccalaureate degree before being ac-cepted for professional school, consult the department advisor early in your freshman year for recommendations on degree requirements and electives.

You can obtain further information concerning requirements and the profession of optometry by writing to the American Optometric Association, 243 N. Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis MO 63141.

Biological Sciences Pre-Pharmacy Major (B.S.)

Special curriculum; major code ND2506

Transfer to a school of pharmacy occurs after one or two years of coursework at Ohio University-some schools expect transfer after one year, others require two years of work, and others allow either option. Requirements for admission vary widely from school to school. Determine as early as possible the specific admission requirements of the schools to which you may apply and plan your academic program accordingly.

The program listed below is based upon the requirements of the four pharmacy schools in Ohio, but other schools may vary in their requirements. Again, it is your responsibility to ensure that you meet admission standards for a particular school. Consult your advisor for assistance.
The prepharmacy program is not a degree program; a degree in pharmacy is earned only through a professional school. However, accomplishment of the following, plus additional requirements as outlined under departmental requirements, can lead to a B.A. or B.S. degree in biological sciences or chemistry at Ohio University. There is no in absentia arrangement for pharmacy.
Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Freshman

CHEM 151, 152, 153        Fund. of Chemistry 15
MATH 263A, B, C          Calculus 12
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173*   Intro to Zoology 14
ENG 151                 Fr. Comp.: Writing and Rhetoric 5

Social sciences and humanities electives.

Sophomore

CHEM 305, 306, 307    Organic Chemistry 9
CHEM 303, 304        Organic Chemistry Lab 5
PHYS 201, 202, 203     Intro to Physics 15
MICR 311             General Microbiology 5
BIOS 300             Anatomy and Histology 6

One additional English course.

Social sciences and humanities electives.

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

Biological Sciences Pre-Physical Therapy Major (B.S.)

Special curriculum; major code BS2507

You can become eligible for transfer to a professional program at the end of your sophomore or junior year by fulfilling the prerequisite coursework outlined below. Consult the school's catalog for exact prerequisites. B.S. degree pre-physical therapy students majoring in biological sciences are required to complete the entire program. For more information about the field of physical therapy, see the Physical Therapy listing in this section. See also the Department of Psychology pre-physical therapy major in this section and the School of Physical Therapy listing in the College of Health and Human Services section.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Freshman

CHEM 151, 152, 153       Fund. of Chemistry 15
ENG 151                 Freshman Comp.: Writing and Rhetoric 5
MATH 163A, B           Intro to Calculus 7
PHIL 101                Fund. of Philosophy 5
or PHIL 120              Principles of Reasoning or 4
PHIL 130                Intro to Ethics 4
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173*  Intro to Zoology 14

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

Sophomore

CHEM 301, 302    Organic (short) 6
PHYS 201, 202**  Intro to Physics 10
PSY 101          General Psychology 5
PSY 221          Stat. for Behav. Sci. 5
PSY 273          Child and Adolescent 4
PT 259A          Intro to Phys. Therapy 2
SOC 101          Principles of Sociology 5
or ANTH 101      Cultural Anthropology
BIOS 301         Human Anatomy 6
BIOS 325         Gen. Genetics 5
BIOS 345         Human Physiology 4
BIOS 346         Human Physiology Lab 3
BIOS 352         Biomechanics 4
or BIOS 420       Animal Locomotion

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives. ANTH 101 is recommended.

Junior-Senior

MICR 211       Environ. Microbiology 4
or PT 403       Pathophysiology
PSY 332        Abnormal Psychology 4
BIOS 402       Human Neuroscience 3
BIOS 445       Physiology of Exercise 5
BIOS 446       Phys. of Exercise Lab 3
BIOS 463       Cell Chemistry 4
or CHEM 489   Biochemistry
BIOS 275       Animal Ecology 4
or BIOS 479     Evolution
or BIOS 481    Animal Conserv. Biology
              English composition 4

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

Suggested Electives

ANTH 101        Intro to Cultural Anth. 5
ANTH 355        Medical Anthropology 4
BIOS 320        Animal Cell Biology 4
BIOS 401        Adv. Anatomy 6
BIOS 409, 410    Neurobiology I, II 8
CLAS 227        Grk. and Lat. Roots 4
HCFN 128        Intro to Nutrition 4
HSAT 128        Intro to Athletic Training 2
HSAT 326        Recog. and Eval. of Athletic Injuries 4
HSAT 327        Prev./Mgt. of Athletic Injuries 3
HLTH 202        Health Sciences and Lifestyle Choices 4
PHIL 231        Philosophy of Sport 4
PHIL 331         Moral Problems In Med. 5
PSY 231          Psych. of Adjustment 4
PSY 275          Educational Psychology 4

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

**PHYS 203 may be required for admission to certain graduate and professional schools.

 MICR 211 is required for a B.S. in biological sciences. For students who have been accepted into Ohio University's School of Physical Therapy in absentia, PT 403 may be used to fulfill the MICR 211 requirement. If BIOS 402 has not been completed before admission to the School of Physical Therapy, you must complete it during your first year.

Biological Sciences Pre-Veterinary Medicine Major (B.S.)

Special curriculum; major code BS2508

If you plan to attend veterinary school, learn the entrance requirements of the schools of your choice early in your college career. Many biological sciences majors, as well as the major in microbiology, are suitable preparation for veterinary school. Discuss your course selections with your academic advisor.

Many schools of veterinary medicine require a bachelor's de-gree for admission. A standardized test (MCAT, GRE, or VAT) must be taken at least one year before you expect to enroll in veterinary school. Contact the veterinary schools of your choice or see your advisor to determine which test you need.

You must meet Arts and Sciences and university requirements and the requirements of the biological sciences major; these requirements will fulfill prerequisites of most veterinary schools. Consult the catalog of a particular school to make sure that you are meeting its prerequisites.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

The following core requirements are strongly recommended for preveterinary medicine students:

Area         Recommended Choice
Anatomy       BIOS 303 Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy
Biochemistry    BIOS 463 Cell Chemistry
Ecology        BIOS 275 Animal Ecology
Physiology     BIOS 342, 343, 354, 355 Principles of Physiology
Other Biol. Sci.  MICR 311

Recommended electives

MICR 414A     Animal Virology 3
MICR 415      Immunology 5
or MICR 417    Cellular Immunology or 4
BIOS 406      Vertebrate Embryology 6
BIOS 441      Parasitology 6
BIOS 450       Prin. of Endocrinology 4
BIOS 452       Reproductive Physiology 3

Biological Sciences-Wildlife Biology Major (B.S.)

Special Curriculum;major code BS2515

The Department of Biological Sciences provides a program for undergraduate students in biological sciences who are in-terested in careers in the conservation and biology of wildlife. Graduates of this program meet the course qualifications for state and federal civil service registers as ecologist, wildlife biologist, wildlife refuge manager, zoologist, and general biologist. This program also provides training for students planning to go on to graduate school in wildlife biology or an allied discipline such as mammalogy, ornithology, or animal ecology. You may want to use elective credits to obtain an Environmental Studies certificate.

Unless otherwise indicated, BIOS/MICR departmental courses may be retaken only once.

Freshman

PBIO 111                Intro to Plant Biology 6
CHEM 151, 152, 153       Fund. of Chemistry 15
MATH 163A, B           Intro to Calculus 7
PSY 221                 Statistics 5
BIOS 170, 171, 172, 173*  Intro to Zoology 14
                        English composition 5

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

Sophomore

CHEM 301, 302     Organic Chemistry 6
PHYS 201, 202**   Intro to Physics 10
BIOS 275          Animal Ecology 4
BIOS 303         Comp. Vert. Anatomy 6
BIOS 325          Genetics 5
BIOS 376         Field Ecology Lab 4

Arts and Sciences degree requirements, university General Education Requirements, and/or electives.

Junior-Senior

              English composition 4
BIOS 342, 343  Principles Physiology 6
BIOS 479      Evolution 4

A minimum of 16 hours in wildlife subjects selected from**

BIOS 425   Evolutionary Genetics 4
BIOS 471   Ornithology 5
BIOS 474   Mammalogy 6
BIOS 477   Population Ecology 4
BIOS 478   Community Ecology 4
BIOS 481   Animal Conservation Biol. 4
BIOS 492   Wildlife Topics 2

Substitutions can be recommended by your advisor but must be approved by the curriculum chair.

A minimum of 14 hours in plant sciences (PBIO major courses only), including PBIO 111.

If you plan to go on to graduate school, you should take BIOS 493 or BIOS 494H Undergraduate Research.

*See listing in Courses of Instruction section for prerequisites.

**PHYS 203 may be required for admission to certain graduate and professional schools.


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University Publications and Computer Services revised this file (https://www.ohio.edu/~ucat/97-98/colleges/majors1.htm) August 24, 1998.

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